Long-term survival outcomes after biomarker-guided thromboprophylaxis in cancer: extended follow-up of the TARGET-TP randomised trial.

Abstract

Thromboembolism (TE) is a major cause of early mortality in cancer. TARGET-TP randomised high-risk patients with lung or gastrointestinal cancers, identified using a d-dimer/fibrinogen model, to enoxaparin or no thromboprophylaxis; low-risk patients were observed. Thromboprophylaxis reduced TE and 6-month mortality. This study reports extended overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) to 36 months. Among high-risk patients, thromboprophylaxis improved OS at 6 and 12 months, with convergence thereafter; no PFS differences were observed. Adjustment for on-study TE attenuated the OS effect, consistent with thrombosis-specific risk reduction. These findings describe the duration ..